A traveling signal along an electrical transmission line reflects back toward the source when one or more events occurs: One or both of the conductors is open at the far end (receiving end). The conductors are shorted at the far end (very common). There is a discontinuity in the characteristic impedance or an electrical fault […]
vector network analyzers
PC-based VNAs get automated E-Cal, TRL/TRM calibration
The PicoVNA 108 8.5 GHz analyzer now includes automated E-Cal calibration and TRL/TRM calibration. The PicoVNA 108 achieves calibration automation through either male SMA or female SMA E-Cal modules. These are USB-powered and controlled to electronically select the various short, open, load and through reference standards as they are needed within the calibration process. You […]
VNAs cover 9 kHz to 8.5 GHz with 1-Hz resolution
The Siglent SNA5000A series of two- and four-port vector network analyzers offer a frequency analysis range of 9 kHz up to 8.5 GHz with a resolution of 1 Hz, a dynamic range of 125 dB, and a level resolution of 0.05 dB. The Siglent SNA5000A series consists of four models (4.5 GHz or 8.5 GHz […]
